Commissioned by the European Union, Ecofys performed an exploration of possible approaches to the UNFCCC’s Post-2012 negotiation process. Key elements of the report include a three-stage agreement on emission reductions of Kyoto-gases (excluding LUCF) and options towards agreement on LUCF/deforestation (with a goal of reducing emissions by 10 to 20%), adapting to climate change, and the joint development of various technologies for meeting countries' long-term emission reduction targets.